Optics

A scientific field that studies light and its interactions with matter. It involves the generation, propagation, control, and detection of light, as well as the interaction between light and matter. Optics has wide applications in many fields, including physics, engineering, medicine, communications, astronomy, and more.

Fluorescence method

An analytical chemistry method that uses the fluorescence emitted by substances after excitation for quantitative or qualitative analysis. This method is based on the transition from the excited state to the ground state after the material absorbs energy, releasing photons during this transition to produce fluorescence. The fluorescence method offers many advantages, including high sensitivity, high selectivity, wide linear range, and low detection limits. It is widely used in fields such as biology, medicine, environmental monitoring, food safety, and drug analysis. Some common fluorescent markers include fluorescent dyes, fluorescent proteins, quantum dots, and so on. These markers can bind to target molecules, giving them fluorescent properties, thereby enabling detection and analysis of target molecules.

Optical sensors

A sensor that uses optical principles and technology to detect, measure, and perceive various physical or chemical quantities in the environment. They utilize the properties of light, such as reflection, absorption, scattering, transmission, and interference, to measure and monitor target parameters.